Xanthorrhoea preissii
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Asphodelaceae
Family:　Xanthorrhoeaceae
Subfamily: Xanthorrhoeoideae
Genus: Xanthorrhoea
Species: X.preissii
Binomial name
Xanthorrhoea preissii
Endl.[1]
Synonyms
Xanthorrhoea pecoris F.Muell.
Xanthorrhoea reflexa Endl.

Xanthorrhoea preissii, known as balga, is a widespread species of perennial monocot in Southwest Australia.

Contents
1.Description
2.Taxonomy
3.Distribution
4.Ecology
5.Uses
6.Gallery
7.References
8.External links

Description[edit]
The form of the plant resembles a tree, with very long and bunched, grass-like, leaves that emerge from a central base.
The trunk may grow over 3 metres tall, and the often blackened appearance is evidence of its ability to withstand fire. The remains of the flammable leaves and the annual regrowth produce banding, allowing the age of the plant to be determined, and giving a record of previous fires in its habitat. The inflorescence appears on an upright spike, 1.5 m to 2.5 m long, between June and December. The sessile flowers, creamy or white, appear more profusely when stimulated by bushfire.[2]

Plantae preissianae sive enumeratio plantarum quas in australasia occidentali et meridionali-occidentali annis 1838-1841 collegit Ludovicus Preiss,
is a book written in Latin,[2] The books detail the plants collected in Western Australia.[3] The books are regarded as one of the earliest and most important contributions to the study of the flora of Western Australia.[3] Priess amassed a collection of over 2,700 species of plants while in Western Australia from 1838 to 1842 when he returned to Germany. As a result of Priess' samples and notes Lehmann and his team of botanists, were able to study and name the plants in the next five years.[4] He arrived at the Swan River Colony also known as the Swan River Settlement, R. France Australe : the French search for the Southland and subsequent explorations and plans to found a penal colony and strategic base in south western Australia 1503–1826, Encountering Terra Australis: the Australian voyages of Nicholas Baudin and Matthew Flinders, A Semblance of Scotland: Scottish Identity in Colonial Western Australia, The Navigators – Flinders vs Baudin, .on board the Britmart on 4 December 1838, remaining there until January 1842; during this time he became a British subject. Biography By
Ludwig Preiss.[1]Johann August Ludwig Preiss
emigrated to Western Australia.(Deutsch German)
Johann Georg Christian Lehmann
Stephan Endlicher, Stephan Ladislaus Endlicher
　also known as Endlicher István László (24 June 1804, Bratislava (Pozsony) – 28 March 1849, Vienna) was an Austrian botanist,
Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck
(14 February 1776 – 16 March 1858) was a prolific German botanist, physician, zoologist, and natural philosopher.German Zoologists, Agrostologists Bryologists Pteridologists Entomologists Mycologists. German Phycologists. Presidents of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina, German religious humanists.
Gustav Kunze, (4 October 1793, Leipzig – 30 April 1851, Leipzig) was a German professor of zoology, an entomologist and botanist with an interest mainly in ferns and orchids.
Carl Meissner, Carl Daniel Friedrich Meissner (1 November 1800 – 2 May 1874) was a Swiss botanist.
Friedrich Gottlieb Bartling, (December 9, 1798 – November 20, 1875) was a German botanist who was a native of Hanover.
Johannes Conrad Schauer, (16 February 1813 – 24 October 1848) was a botanist interested in Spermatophytes.[2] He was born in Frankfurt am Main and attended the gymnasium of Mainz from 1825 to 1837
Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel (24 October 1811 in Neuenhaus – 23 January 1871 in Utrecht) was a Dutch botanist, whose main focus of study was on the flora of the Dutch East Indies.
Ernst Gottlieb von Steudel,
(30 May 1783 – 12 May 1856) was a German physician and an authority on grasses.[1]
Categories: Books about Australian natural history, Florae (publication),
Botany in Australia, 1840s books

Ecology[edit]
The species is named as one of the dominant taxa in Corymbia calophylla – Xanthorrhoea preissii woodlands and shrublands of the Swan Coastal Plain, a critically endangered ecological community, once widespread and now restricted to a narrow range. Its occurrence is a characteristic of two other marri (Corymbia calophylla) communities, but the marri/Xanthorrhoea community is distinguished by the drier soils of the communities range along the eastern edge of the Swan Coastal Plain.[8]

Uses[edit]
The species had a high economic importance to the Noongar people, who named it balga,[9] utilising the gum it contains, the spike for fish spears, and the Trictena atripalpis(Bardi Bardy Bardee grub, Rain moth or Waikerie Hepialidae) as a source of food. Anecdotal information on the species refers to an association with fire in the culture of those people.[2]

Gallery[edit]
Closeup of flower spike
A 21-foot-high (6.4 m) specimen, c. 1920
British Museum display (May 2010)
Xanthorrhoea with full leaf skirt
Xanthorrhoea on fire during a controlled burn, Mundaring

Despre etimologie[editare]
Xantoreea
Își datorează numele rășinii galbene pe care o produce și care a fost folosită ca adeziv de către aborigeni.

日本語解説
和名・学名の読み方：英語:ゼントリア属プレイシー
ゼントリアプレイシーは、英語圏のオーストラリア南西部沿岸部が原産のススキノキ科ススキノキ属の草本植物で、キジカクシ科またはクサスギカズラ科。
しばしば発生する野火（山火事）をきっかけに開花させる特殊な性質を持っている珍しい植物です。幹の上部から草が生えたような姿で非常に強く細長い葉を伸ばすことから連想しやすい英語名グラスツリーと呼ばれることが多いが、
スペイン語ではサントレア・プレイシー、
カタラ語ではシェントゥエア・プレイシー、
イタリア語クサントレイア・プレイシー、
ロムーナ語[Xantoreea]クサントレア・プレイシー
　但し学名はクサンドルホヤ・プレイシー。
ギリシャ語(Τσάντρροέα)サンドロロエア・プレイシーなど。
木の高さより遥かに長く中央に伸びた淡い黄色い部分が花になります。
価格は属中の品種によって異なり幹高3〜8cmで2.5万円から、人の背丈ほどでは幹高150〜159cmが48万円の固有種まであります。
語源は「黄色い樹脂」に由来しています。
植物学（生物学）
バイオロジー・ボタニー。
パティポ・ジャパン植物図鑑
References[edit]
●FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
●Ward, D J; Lamont, B B. "Probability of grasstrees (Xanthorrhoea preissii) flowering after fire" (PDF). Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia on February 21, 2022
●"Pastoral-Agricultural; Agricultural Notes". Friday 17 August 1906. Morning Bulletin (Rockhampton, QLD). 1906-08-17. Retrieved 2019-01-07.
●Gardner, C.A. (1981). Wildflowers of Western Australia. Perth: St George Books.
● Lehm., Plantae Preissianae 2:39 (1846)
●"Corymbia calophylla – Xanthorrhoea preissii woodlands and shrublands of the Swan Coastal Plain". Threatened species & ecological communities. Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts. 19 Feb 2007. Retrieved
●"Noongar glossary; Noongar Words and Definitions". Government of Western Australia. 2022. Retrieved 6 August 2022.
●トピックス メールマガジン Web更新情報
日本ネットワークインフォメーションセンター -
External links[edit]
Encyclomedia Commons has media related to Xanthorrhoea preissii.
Taxon identifiers Biology Biologia
Categories: Asparagales of Australia, Xanthorrhoeoideae, Angiosperms of Western Australia, Endemic flora of Southwest Australia^ https://www.ja.bot.a.ad.nic.jpnic.jp
/class/susuki.htm[www.ja.bot.anic.adnic.j.pnic.jp
Xanthorrhoea_preissi.html

patipo_Botany_Adnic_and_Botanic_ja_jp_jpnic_domain
patipo_Botany_domain_Adnic_and_Botanic_ja_jp_jpnic_japan_tokyo
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^ Jump to search Xanthorrhoea_preissii.html Xanthorrhoeapreissii.html
Binomialname Binomial_name Scientificclassification Scientific_classification
External_links Nyungar_language. .PlantaePreissianae Plantae_Preissianae
Johann_August_Ludwig_Preiss SwanRiverColony Swan_River_Colony SwanRiverSettlement, Swan_River_Settlement SwanRiver Swan_River SwanRiverinWesternAustralia Swan_River_in_WesternAustralia,　ColonyofWesternAustralia　Colony_of_WesternAustralia Jump_to_search ofzoology
^ Johann_Georg_Christian_Lehmann Taxonidentifiers Taxon_identifiers patipo.com com.patipo
Ludwig_Preiss.Johann_August_Ludwig_Preiss
Stephan_Endlicher Plantae_Preissianae
Stephan_Ladislaus_Endlicher patipo.au au.patipo
Christian_Gottfried_Daniel_Nees von_Esenbeck
Gustav_Kunze Carl_Meissner, Carl_Daniel_Friedrich_Meissner
Friedrich_Gottlieb_Bartling Johannes_Conrad_Schauer Friedrich_Anton_Wilhelm_Miquel Ernst_Gottlieb_von_Steudel ZoologyPatio.zp Books_about_Australian_natural_history, Florae_(_publication_), Botany_in_Australia, Xanthorrhoea.patipo.com
1840s_books http.www.Xanthorrhoea.patipo.com
German_Zoologists, German_Agrostologists German_Bryologists German_Pteridologists German_Entomologists German_MycologistsGerman German_Phycologists, Presidents_of_the_German_Academy_of Sciences_Leopoldina, German_eligious_humanists Corymbia_calophylla_–_Xanthorrhoea_preissii_woodlands_and_shrublands_of_the_Swan_Coastal_Plain Community_(Community_(_ecology_) orymbia_calophylla /Swan_Coastal_Plain
Trictena_atripalpis(Bardi_grub Bardy_grub Bardee_grub, Rain_moth)　XantrroheaJapan.PatipoJapan XantrroheaJapanJP PatipoJapanJP
^Closeup_offlower_spike A_21_-_foot_-_high_(_6_._4_m)_ specimen_c_1920 Xanthorrhoea_preissii& Xanthorrhoea_preissii&oldid.oldid patipo botanic botany botanica patipoXanthorrhoea_preissii& patipoXanthorrhoea_preissii&oldid.oldid
British_Museum_display_(_May_2010_) Xanthorrhoea_with_full_leaf_skirt　Xanthorrhoea_with_fullleaf_skirt Xantrrohea&media Xantrrohea&mediaID
Xanthorrhoea&media Xanthorrhoea&mediaID
Xanthorrhoea_on_fire_during_a_controlled_burn_Mundaring
Asparagales_of_Australia, Patipo_Xanthorrhoeoideae, Angiosperms_of_Western_Australia,
Endemic_flora_of_Southwest_Australia
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